The Best Subsequence
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Farmer John has a binary string of length \(N\) \((1 \leq N \leq 10^9)\), initially
all zeros.
He will first perform \(M\) (\(1 \leq M \leq 2 \cdot 10^5\)) updates on the string,
in order. Each update flips every character from \(l\) to \(r\). Specifically,
flipping a character changes it from \(0\) to \(1\), or vice versa.
Then, he asks you \(Q\) (\(1 \leq Q \leq 2 \cdot 10^5\)) queries. For each query, he
asks you to output the lexicographically greatest subsequence of length \(k\)
comprised of characters from the substring from \(l\) to \(r\). If your answer is a
binary string \(s_1s_2 \dots s_k\), then output
\(\sum_{i=0}^{k-1} 2^i \cdot s_{k-i}\) (that is, its value when interpreted as a
binary number) modulo \(10^9+7\).
A subsequence is a string that can be derived from another string by deleting
some or no characters without changing the order of the remaining characters.
Recall that string \(A\) is lexicographically greater than string \(B\) of equal
length if and only if at the first position \(i\), if it exists, where
\(A_i \neq B_i\), we have \(A_i > B_i\).
Problem credits: Chongtian Ma
SCORING
- Input 4: \(N \leq 10, Q \leq 1000\)
- Input 5: \(M \leq 10\)
- Inputs 6-7: \(N, Q \leq 1000\)
- Inputs 8-12: \(N \leq 2 \cdot 10^5\)
- Inputs 13-20: No additional constraints.
Problem credits: Chongtian Ma
The first line contains \(N\), \(M\), and \(Q\).
The next \(M\) lines contain two integers, \(l\) and \(r\) (\(1 \leq l \leq r \leq N\))
— the endpoints of each update.
The next \(Q\) lines contain three integers, \(l\), \(r\), and \(k\)
(\(1 \leq l \leq r \leq N, 1 \leq k \leq r - l + 1\)) — the endpoints of each
query and the length of the subsequence.
Output \(Q\) lines. The \(i\)th line should contain the answer for the \(i\)th query.
5 3 9
1 5
2 4
3 3
1 5 5
1 5 4
1 5 3
1 5 2
1 5 1
2 5 4
2 5 3
2 5 2
2 5 121
13
7
3
1
5
5
3
1After performing the \(M\) operations, the string is \(10101\).
For the first query, there is only one subsequence of length \(5\), \(10101\), which
is interpreted as
\(1 \cdot 2^4 + 0 \cdot 2^3 + 1 \cdot 2^2 + 0 \cdot 2^1 + 1 \cdot 2^0 = 21\).
For the second query, there are \(5\) unique subsequences of length \(4\): \(0101\),
\(1101\), \(1001\), \(1011\), \(1010\). The lexicographically largest subsequence is
\(1101\), which is interpreted as
\(1 \cdot 2^3 + 1 \cdot 2^2 + 0 \cdot 2^1 + 1\cdot 2^0 = 13\).
For the third query, the lexicographically largest sequence is \(111\), which is
interpreted as \(7\).
9 1 1
7 9
1 8 8330 1 1
1 30
1 30 3073741816Make sure to output the answer modulo \(10^9+7\).
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The Best Subsequence