Bracelet Crossings
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Bessie the cow enjoys arts and crafts. In her free time, she has made \(N\)
(\(1\le N\le 50\)) bracelets, conveniently numbered \(1 \ldots N\). The \(i\)th
bracelet is painted color \(i\) out of a set of \(N\) different colors. After
constructing the bracelets, Bessie placed them on a table for display (which we
can think of as the 2D plane). She was careful to arrange the bracelets to
satisfy the following three conditions:
- Every bracelet was a single closed polygonal chain -- a series of vertices (points) connected sequentially by line segments, where the first and last points are the same (Feel welcome to consult the wikipedia page for more detail: polygonal chain),
- No bracelet intersected itself (this corresponds to a "simple" polygonal chain); and
- No two bracelets intersected.
Unfortunately, right after Bessie arranged the bracelets in such a careful
manner, Farmer John drove by in his tractor, shaking the table and causing the
bracelets to shift around and possibly break into multiple (not necessarily
closed or simple) polygonal chains! Afterward, Bessie wanted to check whether
the three conditions above still held. However, it was dark, so she couldn't see
the bracelets anymore.
Fortunately, Bessie had a flashlight. She chose \(M\) (\(1\le M\le 50\)) vertical
lines \(x=1, x=2, \ldots, x=M\) and for each line, she swept the beam of the
flashlight along that line from \(y=-\infty\) to \(y=\infty\), recording the colors
of all bracelets she saw in the order they appeared. Luckily, no beam crossed
over any vertex of any polygonal chain or two line segments at the same time.
Furthermore, for each beam, every color that appeared appeared exactly twice.
Can you help Bessie use this information to determine whether it is possible
that the bracelets still satisfy all three of the conditions above?
Problem credits: Richard Qi
SCORING
- Test case 2 satisfies \(N = 1\).
- Test cases 3-5 satisfy \(N=2\).
- Test cases 6-8 satisfy \(M=1\).
- Test cases 9-14 satisfy \(M=2\).
- Test cases 15-20 satisfy no additional constraints.
Problem credits: Richard Qi
Each input case contains \(T\) sub-cases (\(1 \leq T \leq 50\)) that must all solved
independently to solve the full input case. Consecutive test cases are
separated by newlines.
The first line of the input contains \(T\). Each of the \(T\) sub-test cases then
follow.
The first line of each sub-test case contains two integers \(N\) and \(M\). Each
sub-test case then contains \(M\) additional lines. For each \(i\) from \(1\) to \(M\),
the \(i\)-th additional line contains an integer \(k_i\) (\(0\le k_i\le 2N\), \(k_i\)
even), followed by \(k_i\) integers \(c_{i1}, c_{i2},\ldots, c_{ik_i}\)
(\(c_{ij}\in [1,N]\), every \(c_{ij}\) appears zero or two times). This means that
when Bessie swept her flashlight from \((i,-\infty)\) to \((i,\infty)\), she
encountered the colors \(c_{i1}, c_{i2},\ldots, c_{ik_i}\) in that order.
For each sub-test case, print YES if it is possible for the three conditions
above to be satisfied. Otherwise, print NO.
5
1 2
2 1 1
2 1 1
1 3
2 1 1
0
2 1 1
2 1
4 1 2 1 2
4 2
6 1 2 2 3 3 1
6 1 2 4 4 2 1
2 2
4 1 1 2 2
4 2 2 1 1YES
NO
NO
YES
NOAn example of a feasible bracelet configuration for the first sub-case is:

For the fourth sub-case, a feasible arrangement is the following:

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Bracelet Crossings
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Bracelet Crossings